湖北高考英語(yǔ)完成句子題型重點(diǎn)測(cè)試學(xué)生準(zhǔn)確使用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法、詞匯,進(jìn)行書(shū)面表達(dá)的能力。但在每年高考中,該題失分嚴(yán)重。在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練中應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練學(xué)生時(shí)態(tài)一致、語(yǔ)態(tài)一致、主謂一致和句子結(jié)構(gòu)一致的意識(shí)和能力?；诖?，以下是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備的：2016湖北省高考英語(yǔ)的完成句子。歡迎閱讀與參考!

　　2016湖北省高考英語(yǔ)完成句子如下：

　　一、命題特點(diǎn)

　　“完成句子”是新穎的高考題型，考察的是對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握，在湖北省高考英語(yǔ)卷中已有五年歷史?？v觀五年的考題，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)以下特點(diǎn)：

　　1、語(yǔ)法覆蓋面廣、粗略統(tǒng)計(jì)已涉及了20 多種語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象及固定句型，如there be句型、it occurred to sb. that等;

　　2、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法反復(fù)呈現(xiàn)，如：10年71題和2011年71題考點(diǎn)為倒裝、10年 72題與11年74題考點(diǎn)為分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞歷年都有2-3題、定語(yǔ)從句、倒裝、虛擬、形容詞比較級(jí)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等連續(xù)幾年都有涉及到;

　　3、一道題目中不只考察一種語(yǔ)法，多種語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象交織在一起;

　　4、語(yǔ)境控制、答案精確客觀、字?jǐn)?shù)限制在五個(gè)單詞以內(nèi);

　　5、緊密聯(lián)系教材，許多題目在教材上能找到對(duì)應(yīng)的雛形，如winning the scholarship、might have had a hand in等;

　　6、對(duì)句子成分的分析是做好題目的關(guān)鍵，如2011第80題， _____ (比較這兩把牙刷) and you’ll find the purple one is softer. (compare)，特別是分隔現(xiàn)象的使用;

　　7、常見(jiàn)詞匯的寫(xiě)法如：(scholarship，toothbrush)及不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的寫(xiě)法必須掌握。

　　二、癥結(jié)診斷

　　筆者通過(guò)對(duì)平時(shí)學(xué)生訓(xùn)練的觀察和高考完成句子試題分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)考生失分的主要原因在于以下幾個(gè)方面：

　　1、句子結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí)掌握不牢，容易受英漢表達(dá)思維差異的影響。如, 寫(xiě)作中通常出現(xiàn)類(lèi)似這樣的句子：There were a lot of students took part in the tree planting activity. We are very glad that our teacher is going to teach us swim.

　　2、 慣用句型識(shí)別不清，如：It cost me.很多考生審題不能將漢語(yǔ)提示和英語(yǔ)部分結(jié)合考慮, 也沒(méi)有考慮到cost的主語(yǔ)不能是人，其過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去分詞均為cost, 所以才出現(xiàn)I cost, I costed等錯(cuò)誤。慣用句型是完成句子的熱點(diǎn)之一，考生學(xué)習(xí)中要注意分析和掌握常用句型。

　　3、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)混淆，特別是使役動(dòng)詞have、make, let, leave等; 此外還有感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice…+ sb / sth + do /doing的用法和區(qū)別都是高考完成句子的重中之重。

　　4、語(yǔ)態(tài)表達(dá)差異牽制，題目中有意識(shí)的不提“被”字, 考生要注意判斷。有時(shí)漢語(yǔ)不提“被”字，不等于英語(yǔ)不使用被動(dòng);相反漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用被動(dòng)時(shí)，英語(yǔ)卻習(xí)慣不用被動(dòng)。

　　5、語(yǔ)序表達(dá)習(xí)慣沖突，語(yǔ)序習(xí)慣不同是歷來(lái)高考的焦點(diǎn)之一?？忌绕湟⒁庥⒄Z(yǔ)中與漢語(yǔ)思維相沖突的表達(dá)方式。

　　6、語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)形式影響，英語(yǔ)中(虛擬)語(yǔ)氣形式與漢語(yǔ)不一樣，是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞的不同形式表示的。如情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示過(guò)去的推測(cè)，虛擬條件句的動(dòng)詞形式，表示建議、命令、要求等的動(dòng)詞后面的動(dòng)詞形式都是有差別的。

　　7、比較對(duì)象偷換缺失，有時(shí)漢語(yǔ)省略的東西，英語(yǔ)卻不能;而英語(yǔ)省略的東西，漢語(yǔ)往往不省略，考生需要提防此類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤。

　　通過(guò)對(duì)歷年高考完成句子試題分析以及對(duì)考生失分的主要原因的診斷，筆者將完成句子中所涉及的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象歸納如下：

　　三、考點(diǎn)歸納

　　I.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) (NMET2011湖北卷77題)

　　1.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)往往與其它語(yǔ)法融合在一起

　　The news _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (房?jī)r(jià)將要下跌)has caused many people to sell their houses at lower price.(fall)

　　This is the only one of the regions _____ _____ _____ (遭受攻擊)by the earthquake last year.(attack)

　　2. Already、just、yet、never、lately、recently、in/during/over+ the last/past+時(shí)間、since 、up to now、so far、for+一段時(shí)間、in recent years等表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);by+過(guò)去時(shí)間、by the time+過(guò)去時(shí)間、before+過(guò)去時(shí)間、by the end of +過(guò)去時(shí)間等表示過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);by+將來(lái)時(shí)間表示將來(lái)完成時(shí)的句子。

　　We Chinese do take pride in _____ _____ _____ _____ (我們?nèi)〉玫某删?in the last ten years.(achieve)

　　Mother wanted to be a good provider ,a role _____ _____ _____ _____ (她一直肩負(fù)著)since her marriage to father.(shoulder)

　　By the time the police conclude the investigation, the truth of the murder _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (會(huì)水落石出)(light)

　　_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____(有巨大的增長(zhǎng))in the number of tele-workers in recent years and by 2100 it will have risen to 85%.(growth)

　　3.經(jīng)?？疾楝F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一種贊揚(yáng)或評(píng)的感情色彩，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)用于一些位移發(fā)生改變的詞語(yǔ);經(jīng)?？疾檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)以及被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)刻正要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如at this time tomorrow、this time next week。

　　---Has Li Lei finished his work?

　　---I have no idea, but he _____ _____ _____ _____ (做實(shí)驗(yàn))when I saw him this morning.(conduct)

　　This time tomorrow，we_____ _____ _____ _____ (在聽(tīng))a lecture by a visiting professor from aboard.(listen)

　　4.For+一段時(shí)間若表示的在過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，和現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系時(shí)只能用過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　----You speak good French!

　　----Thanks. I_____________(學(xué)過(guò)法語(yǔ))in Sichuan University for four years.(study)

　　5. 時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中通常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí);祈使句加and、or再加來(lái)時(shí)的句子。

　　If the building project to be completed by the end of this month _____ _____ (推遲)，the construction company will be fined.(delay)

　　_____ _____ _____ (產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題)if you don’t know enough about the mountain you are climbing.(arise)

　　6.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義

　　系動(dòng)詞look、feel、sound、smell、taste、seem、appear、go、prove、turn(顏色、數(shù)字、零冠詞的名詞)+形容詞或者名詞;表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性的詞:read、write、act、cut、draw、drive、sell、wash、clean、wear/open、cook、lock、shut等。The door won’t lock. This coat dries easily. The plan worked out wonderfully. The engine won’t start. The pen writes smoothly.

　　A product_____ _____ _____ (會(huì)更暢銷(xiāo))if promoted with a slogan.

　　II.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(NMET2011湖北卷72、73、74題)

　　1.過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)是一般位于句首，而且該動(dòng)詞和句子的主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系;某些過(guò)去分詞已經(jīng)被形容詞化了，往往用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，既不表示被動(dòng)也不表示完成只表示一種狀態(tài)。如：lost 、seated、 absorbed、dressed in、tired of(厭倦)、hidden(躲)等，不管做什么成分都不用ing形式。

　　_____ _____ _____ _____ (專(zhuān)心讀書(shū))，he didn’t notice me enter the room.(absorb)

　　2.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞和句子的主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。Doing表示一般性動(dòng)作或者正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;having done則表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前的動(dòng)作，通常有表示完成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，Not必須放在V-ing之前。

　　Dina, _____ _____ (奔波)for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(struggle)

　　When _____ _____ _____ (比較不同的文化)，we often pay attention to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(compare)

　　_____ _____ _____ _____ (沒(méi)有完全康復(fù))from the operation，the patient was advised to stay in hospital for other two weeks.(recover)

　　3.Ving 作主語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞,有被動(dòng)being done和否定not doing/not being done的形式。Ving作賓語(yǔ)常放在admit、appreciate、avoid、can’t help、delay、escape、imagine、suggest、be devoted to、be accustomed/used to、look forward to、object to、lead to、insist on、make a contribution to、get down to、can’t stand、have difficulty (in)、have a good time(in) 等，若表示被動(dòng)就用being done的形式。動(dòng)詞need、want、require表示需要時(shí)后面加Ving的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，be worth 也是如此。

　　_____ _____ _____ (解雇)by one company doesn’t necessarily mean that you have no way to support yourself.(lay)

　　_____ _____ _____ (暴露于)sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.(expose)

　　Can you imagine what difficulty people had this year ______________(抵抗)several natural disasters?(resist)

　　4.過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，句中的賓語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系;現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)之間存在主謂關(guān)系;不定式做賓補(bǔ)表示將來(lái)。

　　With many books _____ _____ (出版)，he became more and more famous.(come)

　　With _____ _____ _____ _____ (如此多的工作充斥著)my mind，I am stressed out.(fill)

　　Lucy was much annoyed to find the computer _____ _____ _____ _____ (她讓人修理了)several times broke down again when she returned to her office and got down to her work.(repair)

　　Keeping the mind _____ _____ _____ (充滿著任務(wù)) - no matter how meaningless - staves off(避開(kāi))negative emotions, the study found.(occupy)

　　5.當(dāng)我們確定是非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須判斷動(dòng)詞和所修飾的名詞的關(guān)系(若是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)或者完成，being done表示正在被做，to be done表示將要被做)。

　　I’m not sure if I can attend the wedding ceremony _____ _____ _____ (舉行)at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.(hold)

　　There were many talented actors out there just _____ _____ _____ _____ (等待被發(fā)現(xiàn))(discover)

　　Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one _____ _____ _____ _____ (首先要修的)is the library.(repair)

　　Play ,often _____ _____ _____ _____ (視為一種活動(dòng))for younger children，is still important in the social development of teenagers.(see)

　　I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours，for there are still some problems _____ _____ _____ _____ (剩下要解決)(remain)

　　Teleworking means people save time previously _____ _____ _____ _____(花在旅行上班)and allows them to be more flexible in working hours.(spend)

　　6.have sth done=get sth done表示讓某事由被人去做

　　have sth done還可以表示主語(yǔ)遭受了某種情況

　　have sb/sth doing表示讓某人、某物持續(xù)地做某事

　　get sb/sth doing表示使某人、物開(kāi)始行動(dòng)起來(lái)

　　have sb do =get sb to do表示讓某人去做某事

　　have sth to do 主語(yǔ)有事需要自己做

　　have sth to be done 主語(yǔ)有事需要?jiǎng)e人來(lái)完成

　　III.名詞性從句——主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)從句 (NMET2011湖北卷76題)

　　1.that和what的區(qū)別：當(dāng)從句意義完整，不缺任何成分時(shí)，往往選that;而what意為“……的(東西)”在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。

　　News came from the school office _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (他已被錄取)Beijing university.(admit)

　　She is very dear to us .We have been prepared to do _____ _____ _____ (不惜一切代價(jià))to save her life.(take)

　　_____ _____ _____ (他說(shuō)了)something improper at the meeting surprised all of us.(say)

　　2.if只能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句whether和可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)從句。

　　The patient’s son asked the doctor the question _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (他的父親是否會(huì)幸免)the big operation.(survive)

　　3.名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

　　After the Philippines hostage-taking incident ,the Chinese government demanded that the problems referred to _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (特別注意)(pay)

　　The order came that the medical supplies _____ _____ _____ _____ (送往)Yunnan for the victims there.(send)

　　4.It doesn’t matter to sb +how/whether……或者 It makes no difference to sb +how/whether……結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不能提到句首。

　　5.名詞性從句的分隔現(xiàn)象

　　Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _____ _____ _____ _____ (他不得不)meet his uncle at the airport.(have)

　　IV.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣(NMET2011湖北卷75題)

　　1.區(qū)別不同的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的意思特別是will、would“會(huì)”、must“一定”can’t、couldn’t “不可能”should“竟然、按道理來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)該如此”

　　Mike _____ _____ _____ (肯定不在打掃)the classroom now. I saw him playing basketball on the playground a moment ago.(clean)

　　I can’t imagine _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (竟然短缺)of water in Yunlan ，the southwest of China where there used to be adequate rain.(shortage)

　　This kind of kite made of silk _____ _____ _____ (不容易撕破), so don’t worry about it.(tear)

　　2.對(duì)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done 的形式; 對(duì)過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have been doing的形式;對(duì)現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作推測(cè)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be doing的形式。

　　3.含must 的反意疑問(wèn)句，當(dāng)must表示推測(cè)時(shí)不能用must引導(dǎo)反意疑問(wèn)句。對(duì)現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)則用表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo);當(dāng)句中有must have done 的形式且后面又有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)用表示過(guò)去時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo);當(dāng)句中有must have done 的形式且后面沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)用have、has 來(lái)引導(dǎo)。

　　You must have watched that football match last night, _____ _____?(不是嗎)(you)

　　He can speak Spanish very fluently .He must have learned the language before, _____ _____ (不是嗎)?(he)

　　4.名詞性從句中含有“堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求”時(shí)insist、order、command、advise、propose、demand、desire、request、require、urge、recommend以及這些詞的名詞形式，用should也可省表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

　　Representatives attending Copenhagen Conference recommended that _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (采取嚴(yán)厲措施)to reduce carbon emission.(take)

　　5.If引導(dǎo)的從句中含有should、had、were可以省略if將should、had、were提到句首

　　It’s a pity that he failed the exam. If he _____ _____ _____ _____ (更加注意)his handwriting，he would have done better.(concentrate)

　　If _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (不采取有效措施)，we would have lost all our tropical forests by 2100.(take)

　　6.would rather+從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 當(dāng)表示于現(xiàn)在或者將來(lái)事實(shí)相反時(shí)用過(guò)去時(shí) 若表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

　　Do you feel like dining out for a change or would you rather we two _____ _____ (吃晚飯)at home?(have)

　　7.含蓄條件句 without, with, but for, otherwise等。

　　---Why didn’t you tell him the possible danger ?

　　---But _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (我能做什么)otherwise?He never listens to me.(do)

　　Last Friday’s charity pop concert was a great success as a whole .Actually we _____ _____ _____ _____ (會(huì)滿意)with half of the money collected.(satisfied)

　　It was vital to choose exactly the right place to cut or the diamond _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (本來(lái)可能成為碎片)(break into)

　　8.主從句時(shí)態(tài)不一致

　　——The weather has been very hot and dry.

　　——Yes. If it had rained even a drop ，things _____ _____ _____ (就會(huì)更好)now!My vegetables wouldn’t have died.(be)

　　V.定語(yǔ)從句

　　1.介詞+關(guān)系代詞的賓語(yǔ)只能是which或whom;復(fù)合介詞+which引導(dǎo)時(shí)，往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，用倒裝語(yǔ)序;of +which/whom表示“其中”前面還可以加some、many、most、half、80%、等;the+名詞+of +which/whom=whose+名詞。

　　In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to _____ _____ _____ _____ (她能求助) for help.(turn)

　　Look out! Don’t get close to the house , _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (其屋頂正在修理)(repair)

　　His younger brother teaches in a secondary school , in front of _____ _____ _____ _____ _____(流淌著一條小河).(flow)

　　A lot of problems came up at the meeting last night, _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (我們還未發(fā)現(xiàn)) the solution.(find)

　　There are 51 students in class Three, _____ _____ _____ _____ (沒(méi)有誰(shuí)失敗)in the exam.(fail)

　　2.關(guān)系詞的選擇主要根據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作的成分。當(dāng)表示時(shí)間地點(diǎn)原因的先行詞在從句中不作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系詞不能用when、where、why，只能用that、which。特殊的先行詞case、point、situation、circumstances、scene、activity、position關(guān)系詞用where;stage、occasion用when。

　　She is the only one of the girls in our class _____ _____ _____ (通過(guò)了)the interview.(pass)

　　My mother was so proud of all _____ _____ _____ (我所做的)that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.(do)

　　Occasions are quite rare _____ _____ _____ _____ (我有時(shí)間) to spend a day with my kids.(time)

　　Mr Green stood up in the defense of 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _____ _____ _____ _____ (該責(zé)備)(blame)

　　3.關(guān)系詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句常用在句首用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi);也用在such+名詞+as…..和the same +名詞+as……的句型中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。

　　As a teacher ,I never give my students so difficult a problem _____ _____ _____ _____ (他們不會(huì)做的).(do)

　　As _____ _____ _____ _____ (我談過(guò)的)many times on the subjects，at some point you need a reliable partner to do this job.(talk)

　　It’s likely that such a question, if it can be called a question, _____ _____ _____(你提的), can’t be answered by any human beings.(raise)

　　VI.倒裝(NMET2011湖北卷71題)

　　1.表語(yǔ)位于句首其倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”

　　_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (出席會(huì)議的)some scientists from China.(present)

　　2.否定詞位于句首never、not、hardly、little、seldom、rarely、at no time、in no case、by no means、on no condition等。

　　The customers were so angry that they demanded that in no case _____ _____ _____ (公司推遲)the goods ordered three months ago.(delay)

　　---why can’t we smoke here?

　　---At no time _____ _____ _____ (允許吸煙)in the meeting room.(permit)

　　Don’t be rude to your father .Never in his life _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (對(duì)他說(shuō)話)in that way up to now.(speak)

　　Little _____ _____ _____ _____ (媽媽禁止我)to do whatever I like except when I play computer games long.(forbid)

　　3.so、as、neither、nor用于句首表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或者事物，句型為：as、so、neither、nor+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

　　——Peter looks sleepy.

　　——_____ _____ _____ (你也會(huì)的)if you had a fever.(so)

　　Since my return to China，I haven’t seen my host mother in America，nor _____ _____ _____ _____ _____(未收到她來(lái)信)(hear)

　　4.so……that……和such……that……句型中，如果so或such引導(dǎo)的部分位于句首時(shí)，主句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)要部分倒裝。

　　So difficult _____ _____ _____ _____ (我發(fā)現(xiàn))to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.(find)

　　5.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)句子完全倒裝。

　　On the table _____ _____ _____ _____ (有一只舊信封)，which contains many photos.(lie)