一個(gè)英語句子之所以難以理解，有許多原因，其中一個(gè)主要原因是句子太長(zhǎng)或者句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。句子過長(zhǎng)或者復(fù)雜無非是該句除了主干之外還包含了一些附加部分，如插入語、同位語、分隔現(xiàn)象、各種從句或較長(zhǎng)的非謂語動(dòng)詞短語等等。今天學(xué)習(xí)啦小編要與大家分享的是：高考英語閱讀理解相關(guān)解題技巧。具體內(nèi)容如下，歡迎參考閱讀!

　　高考英語閱讀理解解題技巧：主旨大意題

　　主旨大意題主要是測(cè)試考生對(duì)一篇文章或一段文字的深層理解程度及在速讀中準(zhǔn)確把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般針對(duì)某一語段或某一語篇的主題標(biāo)題或目的設(shè)題。

　　常見的設(shè)題方式有:

　　1 標(biāo)題類常見的標(biāo)題型題干

　　1)The best title/ headline for this passage might be_____________.

　　2)The text (passage) could be entitled ______________.

　　3)What is the best title for the passage

　　4)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage

　　2 大意類常見的主題型題干

　　5) This passage chiefly deals with____________.

　　6) What‘s the topic of the article

　　7) What is the subject discussed in the text

　　8) With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned

　　3 目的主旨大意題

　　The author‘s main purpose in writing the passage is______. The passage is meant to _____ The purpose of this article is _______

　　這類題通常圍繞一個(gè)中心思想展開。不少文章一開頭便展示出文章的中心思想。第一段常常是內(nèi)容的梗概，同時(shí)又表達(dá)了中心思想，但是不少文章的中心思想貫穿全文，并沒有用一句話明確表達(dá)出來。這就要求學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)歸納概括。每個(gè)段落往往也由一個(gè)主題句或幾個(gè)陳述句構(gòu)成，它們?cè)诰渲械奈恢貌煌?，有時(shí)在開頭,首先點(diǎn)明本段大意; 有時(shí)在結(jié)尾, 總結(jié)本段大意。

　　做這類題，首先要找出文章的主題句。找出文章的主題句，也就明確了文章要講什么，再通過速讀全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。另外在許多文段中，沒有可以概括全段意義的主題句，必須根據(jù)文章中所提供的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)，進(jìn)行全面分析，然后歸納成一般概念。但必須注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括時(shí)過于寬泛，要恰如其分。

　　A.主題句呈現(xiàn)的形式

　　1文首開門見山, 提出主題, 隨之用細(xì)節(jié)來解釋, 支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表達(dá)的主題思想. 最常見的演繹法寫作方式. 例1.The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.

　　例2.Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive.

　　2).文尾在表述細(xì)節(jié)后, 歸納要點(diǎn), 印象, 結(jié)論建議或結(jié)果, 以概括主題. 這是英語中最常見的歸納法寫作方式

　　3).文中通常前面只提出問題， 文中的主題由隨之陳述的細(xì)節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導(dǎo)出, 而后又作進(jìn)一步的解釋, 支撐或發(fā)展.

　　例4.Nothing is as useful as a flashlight in a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand a camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.

　　4).首尾呼應(yīng)為突出主題, 作者先提出主題, 結(jié)尾時(shí)再次點(diǎn)出主題, 這種首尾呼應(yīng)的寫作方式較為多見. 但前后表述主題的句子不是簡(jiǎn)單的重復(fù), 后面的表述往往有進(jìn)一步的引申或發(fā)展的意味。

　　例5.首段Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes, “ It was seeing people with snakes bites that led me to the career.“she said„

　　尾段“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes.‖Shu said.

　　5).無主題句即主題句隱含在全文中, 沒有明確的主題句. 必須根據(jù)文篇中所提供的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行全面考慮綜合分析然后找出共同的東西歸納成一般概念。必須注意的是既不能以偏概全也不能在概括時(shí)過于寬泛要恰如其分。

　　例6.Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.

　　Q: What is the main idea of the passage

　　A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer. B. Bingham is a diligent student.

　　C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education. D. A good lawyer needs good education.

　　[分析]此文沒有主題句。全篇共四句只陳述了四個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)(detail)性的事實(shí)。因此就答案本身看個(gè)個(gè)都對(duì)。讀者只能將所有的details綜合起來進(jìn)行邏輯推理才能構(gòu)成一個(gè)沒有言明的主題思想(unstated main idea)。由于文中主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情況即作者想告訴我們的是Joshua Bingham接受過良好的教育所以答案是

　　除了以上主題句呈現(xiàn)的常見形式外還要注意標(biāo)志詞 文章或段落的主題句常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在一些標(biāo)志性的提示后。如on the whole, as a result, in short, therefore, thus„..I agree with the opinion that„.;Given all these points above, I would support the idea that„.; For all the reasons mentioned above, I would prefer„.

　　2015年高考英語閱讀理解最新預(yù)測(cè)：新聞?lì)?/h2>

　　A

　　london — britain awoke on easter monday to a period of mourning for the queen mother, who died over the weekend after a life spanning a century of noisy and evident change. the 101-year-old royal matriarch died in her sleep last saturday with queen elizabeth, her elder and only surviving daughter, at her bedside. for a woman who was one of the best-known figures in britain for more than 80 years — from the era of tinted portraits on tin biscuit boxes and cigarette cards to the age of the internet, the queen mother remained an enigmatic(不可思議的) and elusive(躲避的) figure.

　　she achieved such a respect through aeons(永世, 億萬年) of, first, fawning and, later, intrusive media fascination, by remaining almost entirely silent. her private thoughts were never paraded(炫耀) in public. what the public saw was a charming and benign elderly lady, adept at winning the admiration of press photographers, whom she always favoured with a particular smile.

　　china’s third unmanned spacecraft, shenzhou ⅲ, landed safely in central inner mongolia autonomous region monday afternoon, after orbiting the earth 108 times in slightly less than a week. the craft, which lifted off from jiuquan in gansu province last monday night, landed after successfully conducting a chain of flight and scientific experiments over a period of 162 hours.

　　a powerful earthquake jolted taiwan, killing five construction workers, authorities(官方) said. over 200 injuries ware reported across the island, mostly minor, as a result of sunday’s 7.5-magnitude quake. the quake was centred off hualien, 180 kilometres east of taipei. it struck at 2:53 pm and lasted for nearly a minute.

　　1. which of the following statements is true according to the news

　　a. the queen mother died on easter monday alone.

　　b. the queen mother was an attractive person in her political life.

　　c. the british people felt sorry for the death of the queen mother.

　　d. the queen mother was suffering a lot when she was dying.

　　2. it can be inferred that _______.

　　a. the craft landed in central inner mongolia unexpectedly

　　b. it took the craft at least 2 hours to orbit the earth once

　　c. the chinese scientists did a lot of experiments in space

　　d. china was successful in sending an unmanned spacecraft into space

　　3. the third news mainly talks about the _______ in taiwan.

　　a. political matters b. social problems

　　c. unexpected damage d. construction workers

　　【答案解析】

　　這是 3 篇新聞報(bào)道。高考試題庫185http://www.gkstk.com第 1 篇是關(guān)于英國(guó)皇太后死亡的消息;第 2 篇是關(guān)于中國(guó)發(fā)射神舟三號(hào)無人飛船的消息;第 3 篇是關(guān)于臺(tái)灣發(fā)生 7.5 級(jí)強(qiáng)烈地震的消息。

　　1. c。判斷題?；侍笏赖臅r(shí)候有其女兒伊利莎白皇后在身邊，排除a項(xiàng);皇太后沒有從政，排除b項(xiàng);皇太后是在睡覺的時(shí)候死去的，d項(xiàng)也排除。所以答案選c。

　　2. d。判斷題。從第3段的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞safely…successful 可知a項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;b項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在文中沒有提及，可排除;而神舟三號(hào)為無人飛船，故不會(huì)有科學(xué)家在太空中做實(shí)驗(yàn)，可排除c;既然神舟三號(hào)無人飛船已安全著陸，那肯定是已成功發(fā)射了。

　　3. c。主旨題。既然臺(tái)灣發(fā)生了地震，那當(dāng)然是沒有預(yù)料到的災(zāi)害。a、b、d三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容離題太遠(yuǎn)。